Rear naked choke
From OTMWiki
The rear naked choke (often abbreviated RNC) is a chokehold in martial arts applied from an opponent's back. Depending on the context, the term may refer to one of two variations of the technique. Either arm can be used to apply the choke in both cases.
The term rear naked choke likely originated from the technique in Jiujitsu and Judo known as hadaka jime (裸絞), meaning "naked strangulation" in Japanese. The word naked (or nude) refers to the fact that the choke can be performed without the use of clothing, in contrast with other types of chokes in Judo that require the use of a keikogi ("gi") or training uniform. The choke has two variations[1]: in one version, the attacker's arm encircles the opponent's neck and then grabs his own biceps on the other arm (see below for details); in the second version, the attacker clasps his hands together instead after encircling the opponent's neck.
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"Sleeper Hold" in professional wrestling
The professional wrestling "sleeper hold" is a version of the RNC, but usually there is no arching of the back, so the choke is not really applied. In reality, a properly-applied "sleeper hold" will cause the victim to lose consciousness in 8-10 seconds.
"Hand-on-bicep" version
In mixed martial arts, the term RNC often refers to the hand-on-biceps version. This variant is considered to be a "blood choke" because it restricts blood flow to the brain via the carotid arteries. When done correctly, it can cause temporary unconsciousness in a few seconds. The following is a description of this technique using the left arm -- the attacker's left arm encircles the opponent's neck, with the opponent's trachea at the crook of the elbow. The attacker's left hand then grasps his own upper right arm (biceps region). The right hand is placed behind (or occasionally on top of) the opponent's head. The elbows are then brought together such that lateral pressure is applied to the neck on both sides.
This technique is often used in certain grappling martial arts such as Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, and is one of the most common ways to win a match in mixed martial arts competition[2]. It is also a lateral vascular neck restraint used by law enforcement. It is known in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu as mata leão, meaning "kill the lion" in Portuguese, likely as a homage to the tale of the slaying of the Nemean Lion by Heracles (Hercules) using a chokehold (various paintings, however, depict Heracles as using a frontal chokehold instead)
"Clasping-hands" version
Judo practitioners typically refer to the clasping-hands version as the hadaka jime. This is functionally an airway-restricting choke which works by crushing the trachea, which is painful but will not cause asphyxia-induced unconsciousness as quickly as will a blood choke. As such, this technique is less frequently used at advanced levels in Judo[3]. Nonetheless, it has seen some successful applications in mixed martial arts competition: for instance, it was used by Fedor Emelianenko, a heavyweight champion in PRIDE, to defeat Kazuyuki Fujita at the PRIDE 26 event in 2003. Fujita tapped out about five seconds after the choke was applied.
References
- ↑ judosport.net - two RNC versions
- ↑ sherdog.com - commonality of RNC in MMA
- ↑ bestjudo.com - use of RNC in judo
